Friday, May 20, 2011

How Do Wireless Networks Work?


 So many of you may be or may not be using some kind of wireless networks, like your cell phones, your broad band router, and the list could go on and on. Actually it is much better to have less cluttering of wires going from here to their and to connect your various devices why not try a simple router to your which can easily connect each of device with same quality? well lets see how this wireless network  works.





Wireless networks work using radio waves instead of wires to transmit data between computers. That's the simple version. If you're curious to know what's going on in more detail, then it's all explained in this article.

Ones and Zeros.

I'm sure you know that computers transmit data digitally, using binary: ones and zeros. This is a way of communicating that translates very well to radio waves, since the computer can transmit ones and zeros as different kinds of beep. These beeps are so fast that they're outside a human's hearing range -- radio waves that you can't hear are, in fact, all around you all the time. That doesn't stop a computer from using them, though.

Morse Code.


Don't get nostalgic, nor get bored. The way it works is a lot like Morse code. You probably already know that Morse code is a way of representing the alphabet so that it can be transmitted over radio using a dot (short beep) and a dash (long beep). It was used manually for years, and became a great way of getting information from one place to another with the invention of the telegraph. More importantly for this example, though, it is a binary system, just like a computer's ones and zeros.

You might think of wireless networking, then, as being like Morse code for computers. You plug a combined radio receiver and transmitter in, and the computer is able to send out its equivalent of dots and dashes (bits, in computer-language) to get your data from one place to another.

All About Frequencies.
You might wonder, though, how the computer could possibly transmit enough bits to send and receive data at the speed it does. After all, there must be a limit on how much can be sent in a second before it just becomes useless nonsense, right? Well, yes, but the key to wireless networking is that it gets around this problem.

First of all, wireless transmissions are sent at very high frequencies, meaning that more data can be sent per second. Most wireless connections use a frequency of 2.4 gigahertz (2.4 billion cycles per second) -- a similar frequency to mobile phones and microwave ovens. As you might know, though, a frequency this high means that the wavelength must be very short, which is why wireless networking only works over a limited area.

In addition, wireless networks make use of a technique known as 'frequency hopping'. They use dozens of frequencies in the range they are given, and constantly switch between them. This makes wireless networks more immune to interference from other radio signals than they would be if they only transmitted on one frequency.

Access Points.

The final step is when it comes to all the computers on a network sharing Internet access. This is done using a special piece of wireless equipment called an access point. Access points are more expensive than wireless cards for one computer, as they contain radios that are capable of talking to around 100 computers at the same time, and sharing out access to the Internet between them. Dedicated access points are only really essential for larger networks, though -- if you only have a few computers, it is possible to use one of them as the access point, or you could just get a wireless router.

They Understand Each Other.

That's all well and good, then, but how does wireless equipment made by entirely different companies manage to work together when this is all so complicated? Well, the answer is that there are standards that all wireless devices follow. These standards are technically called the 802.11 (If you like more to read about it just GOOGLE it) standards, and are set by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers). It is thanks to people sticking to their standards that wireless networking is so easy and cheap to use today.

You Need Not to Worry.

If all this talk of frequencies has you a little worried, you don't need to be -- wireless networking hardware and software handles all of this automatically, without you needing to do a thing. Don't think that you're going to have to tell one wireless device what frequency another is using, because it's just not going to happen, alright? Wireless networking, for all its complicated workings, is really far more simple to use than you'd ever expect.

Now Some Techi notes that might be helpful to understand

The  cellular phone whether its GSM, EDGE, CDMA, EVDO have frequencies below

Current / Planned Technologies
Band
Frequency (MHz)
SMR iDEN
800
806-824 and 851-869
AMPS, GSM, IS-95 (CDMA), IS-136 (D-AMPS), 3G
Cellular
824-849 and 869-894
GSM, IS-95 (CDMA), IS-136 (D-AMPS), 3G
PCS
1850–1910 and 1930–1990
3G, 4G, MediaFlo, DVB-H
700 MHz
698-806
AWS
1710–1755 and 2110–2155
BRS/EBS
2496–2690

Remember that this technology is evolving so fast that now what you know in here it may change in any time for with border aspects, as like now there is 300Mbps or 1000 Mbps wireless devices available






Now  common routers works in these frequencies, and you must remember that if your wireless is jamming with other frequencies like signal lost or low speed you may consider your router to reconfigure in  different frequencies


WiFi and Router frequencies

Channel
Center Frequency
Frequency Spread
1
2412 MHz
2399.5 MHz - 2424.5 MHz
2
2417 MHz
2404.5 MHz - 2429.5 MHz
3
2422 MHz
2409.5 MHz - 2434.5 MHz
4
2427 MHz
2414.5 MHz - 2439.5 MHz
5
2432 MHz
2419.5 MHz - 2444.5 MHz
6
2437 MHz
2424.5 MHz - 2449.5 MHz
7
2442 MHz
2429.5 MHz - 2454.5 MHz
8
2447 MHz
2434.5 MHz - 2459.5 MHz
9
2452 MHz
2439.5 MHz - 2464.5 MHz
10
2457 MHz
2444.5 MHz - 2469.5 MHz
11
2462 MHz
2449.5 MHz - 2474.5 MHz
12
2467 MHz
2454.5 MHz - 2479.5 MHz
13
2472 MHz
2459.5 MHz - 2484.5 MHz  

Mobile Computing The next computing trends






Being able to work while traveling is essential for every professional these days. That's why laptops have become an essential item. Using the internet on a laptop is also important if one needs to keep in touch with work. Getting wireless internet for your laptop is therefore essential if you are a traveling professional. It is important that if you do so, get a wireless internet capability for your laptop, to get the best possible deal out there and maximize the potential of your computer. Due to the mobility of the laptop, computer users need not to be limited by wires when travelling so wireless internet is very handy. Wireless internet these days is becoming better and faster and almost a necessity for every laptop.

Having wireless internet on your laptop allows the user to conduct their business in a timely and easy manner. Having a wifi internet connection on the laptop for example, makes conducting business much easier. It is becoming increasingly popular as well. Being able to connect to the internet while traveling allows the user to check emails constantly and therefore keep contacts, to have access to information like checking figures, and enhance their productivity. To be able to connect to the internet using a laptop, the computer must have the wireless capability to connect to a router. It is imperative that the laptop must have the right network card with a WiFi connector. There are many public spaces that allow for WiFi connections in every western city. The quality of the connection differs from place to place since it depends on a variety of factors. In general, the quality of the connection depends on the quality of the wireless signal that your laptop receives. Being closer or further from the source of the signal in the end will determine the strength and therefore the quality and possibly the speed of your connection. A WiFi network allows for constant connectivity in all hours of the day and every day of the week. 

Currently, computer and consequently laptop manufactures are investing time and money in enhancing their products networking capabilities and speeds. In the past few years, wireless connectivity has come a long way in terms of quality and strength. When the portable computers were introduced a few years back the notion of the mobile network already existed. Nevertheless, it was not perfected and had many flaws. Over the years however, wireless capabilities have expanded, they have been bettered allowing for greater connectivity, stronger networks, and higher productivity. As a result, and due to the constant technological advancements, laptop users these days can buy the computer and never have to worry about finding a modem, or a router or those inconvenient cables. Just turn on the computer and start surfing the web. Due to the increasing popularity o wireless internet public spaces have been accommodating for this new trend. Public libraries, airports, or even specific businesses provide wireless internet for their customers.
And for if you want to more of it here it is, YOU CAN DO YOUR JOB WHILE STILL YOU ARE IN HOME

Samsung I9000 Galaxy S Secret code




The I9000 Galaxy S packs a display of the greatest technology that the mobile world has ever seen and a pretty big one at that. With 1GHz Cortex A8 CPU, HD video recording and a sweetly slim waistline make it look like the real deal in the eyes of every real geek.







Features
  • General: GSM 850/900/1800/1900 MHz, UMTS 900/1900/2100 MHz, HSDPA 7.2 Mbps, HSUPA 5.76 Mbps
  • Form factor: Touchscreen bar phone
  • Dimensions: 122.4 x 64.2 x 9.9 mm, 118 g
  • Display: 4" 16M-color Super AMOLED capacitive touchscreen, 480 x 800 pixels
  • CPU: Samsung Cortex A8 Hummingbird 1 GHz processor
  • OS: Android 2.1 (Eclair)
  • Memory: 8/16GB storage, microSD card slot
  • Camera: 5 mega pixel auto-focus camera with face detection and touch focus; 720p video recording at 30fps
  • Connectivity: Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 3.0 with A2DP, standard microUSB port, GPS receiver with A-GPS, 3.5mm audio jack, FM radio
  • Misc: TouchWiz 3.0 UI, built-in accelerometer, multi-touch input, proximity sensor, Swype text input


Here is some secret code/ engineering menu about Samsung I9000 Galaxy S.
Every phone comes equipped with a secret codes where technician can easily access its internal settings and run testing modules. These codes or secret access are usually not specified in the phone manual that comes with it. Here are a Samsung Galaxy S ( and for all its variants Samsung Captivate, Samsung Vibrant , Samsung Fascinate ,  Samsung Epic 4G ) Secret Codes .




Samsung Galaxy S Secret Codes and their meaning


Description Code
for battery and other general settings like GSM/CDMA *#*#4636#*#*
for factory data reset *#*#7780#*#*
for Gtalk service monitor *#*#8255#*#*
for information about phone camera (be very careful hitting options here) *#*#34971539#*#*
change the “Power” button action in your phone. *#*#7594#*#*
service mode *#*#197328640#*#*
testing mode *#0*#
display phones current firmware *#1234#
GPS test *#*#1472365#*#*
network mode/cell info/power info *#0011#
screen test menu *#*#0*#*#*
engineering mode *#7465625#
GPS service menu for JP3 fw *#3214789650#
FACTORY DATA WIPE AND internal SD RESET as soon as you enter # use only if you want wipe your phone *2767*3855#
Opens a File copy screen where you can backup your media files *#*#273283*255*663282*#*#*
View SW Version PDA, CSC, MODEM *#1234#
SW & HW Info *#12580*369#
Service Mode *#197328640#
Ciphering Info *#32489#
Bluetooth Address *#232337#
Bluetooth Test Mode *#232331#
WLAN MAC AWLAN MAC Address *#232338#
WLAN Test Mode *#232339#
Vibra Motor Test Mode *#0842#
Real Time Clock Test *#0782#
Audio Test Mode *#0673#
General Test Mode *#0*#
Diagnostic Configuration *#9090#
Audio Loopback Control *#0283#
TSP / TSK firmware update *#2663#
NAND Flash S/N *#03#
Light Sensor Test Mode *#0589#
Proximity Sensor Test Mode *#0588#
Data Create Menu *#273283*255*3282*#
Data Create SD Card *#273283*255*663282*#
Data Usage Status *#3282*727336*#
Remap Shutdown to End Call TSK *#7594#
Camera Firmware Update *#34971539#
Camera Firmware Menu *#7412365#
Test History *#07#
Auto Answer Selection *#272886#
Quick Test Menu *#7353#
View Phone Lock Status *#7465625#
Configure Network Lock MCC/MNC *7465625*638*#
Note : Playing with these setting might harm your cell. Use them carefully

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